Leadership, Education, Personality: An Interdisciplinary Journal, ISSN: 2524-6178
School of International Business and Entrepreneurship is A place of education where the future is developed: that of technology management and economics – in various areas of technologies – IT, Renewable Energy, Manufacturing & Innovation. Leadership, Education, Personality: An Interdisciplinary Journal ISSN: 2524-6178. This interdisciplinary and transfer oriented journal deals with the topics of Leadership, Personality and Education as well as the areas of conflict arising from this combination.. The journal aims for a comprehensive and diverse approach to the research fields concerned, so that articles from all scientific disciplines are welcomed. Furthermore, “Leadership, Education, Personality: An Interdisciplinary Journal” publishes practice-oriented articles from business, politics, and society to demonstrate its transfer oriented concept. Additionally, special editions or thematic series offer the opportunity to focus on singular topics. Due to its relevance for almost every scientific field, the journal addresses a wide academic readership as well as opinion leaders, executives, and practitioners from all social sectors. AUTHORS GUIDELINES: SIBE Press researchers across the world thereby bringing in total transparency in its journal review system. The journal welcomes submissions in all areas related to IT, Management, Commerce, Finance, Human Resources, Economics, Natural and Applied Science, Mathematics, Law, Pharmacy, Health Science, Language and Literature, Engineering and Social Science. Manuscript must be in English prepared on a standard A4 size paper setting. It must be prepared in 12-point Times New Roman. Authors are instructed to follow the author guidelines strictly without which the article may not be accepted for publication. Authors are advised to check the guidelines and check list before submitting the article for publication. 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Impact of Machiavellian thought on International Politcs
Machiavelli a realist thinker who wrote books like 'The Prince', 'Discources', 'History of Flourence'. He gave many suggestions to the Prince. His main objective was to protect Italy from Internal bickering as well as external onslaught. But his ideas have impact over international politics. In the present article I have tried to analyse his thoughts and its impact over world politics.
Copyright (c) 2022 Leadership, Education, Personality: An Interdisciplinary Journal, ISSN: 2524-6178 https://sibe.rpress.co.in/
IMPACT OF FINTECH ADOPTION AND FINANCIAL LITERACY ON FINANCIAL DECISION-MAKING BEHAVIOUR AMONG MBA STUDENTS
The rapid growth of Financial Technology (FinTech) has transformed the manner in which individuals access, manage, and utilize financial services. Simultaneously, financial literacy has emerged as a critical factor influencing sound financial decision-making. This study examines the impact of FinTech Adoption and Financial Literacy on Financial Decision-Making Behaviour among MBA students. A quantitative research design was employed using convenience sampling. Primary data were collected from 100 MBA students through a structured questionnaire. Statistical tools including Descriptive Statistics, Cronbach's Alpha, Correlation Analysis, Multiple Regression Analysis, Chi-Square Test, and One-Way ANOVA were utilized for data analysis. The findings indicate that both FinTech Adoption and Financial Literacy significantly influence financial decision-making behaviour. Financial literacy emerged as the strongest predictor of effective financial decisions. The study highlights the importance of integrating financial literacy and digital finance education into management curricula to prepare students for modern financial environments.
Some Aspects of Kashmir Culture as reflected in Vernacular Poetry (1846-1947)
The meaningful re enactment of past has entailed an all out search for sources. The use of non conventional sources, especially imaginative literature as a potential repository of historical information has helped in doing people’s history .Vernacular poetry may be key to understand pulse of time and help to decipher the patterns culture. The present paper is a humble attempt to use vernacular poetry to supplement the available information on the contours of Kashmiri culture. The study attempts foregrounding the dominant trends in culture of Kashmir during the period under study
The middle graph of a graph G, denoted by is a graph whose vertex set is and two vertices are adjacent if they are adjacent edges of G or one is a vertex and other is an edge incident with it. A dominating set D of is called a connected dominating set of if the induced subgraph is connected. The minimum cardinality of D is called the connected domination number of and is denoted by .
Meenakshi Vaijinathrao and Faimida Begum
Copyright (c) 2023 Leadership, Education, Personality: An Interdisciplinary Journal, ISSN: 2524-6178 https://sibe.rpress.co.in/
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ACROSS INDUSTRIES: IMPACTS ON SOCIAL WELL-BEING AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
This study investigates the role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices in advancing social well-being and sustainable development across key industries, including manufacturing, technology, healthcare, and finance. Through a comprehensive analysis of CSR reports, industry data, and company disclosures, the research examines the diversity of CSR initiatives, their alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and their effectiveness in achieving social and environmental impact. The findings reveal that organizations are increasingly integrating CSR into their core strategies, with growing emphasis on social welfare, environmental stewardship, and ethical business practices. The study underscores the strategic importance of CSR in enhancing brand reputation, fostering stakeholder trust, and driving measurable progress toward social and sustainable objectives. Ultimately, the results highlight the necessity for businesses to embed CSR deeply within their operations to achieve lasting, positive outcomes for both society and the environment.
Copyright (c) 2026 Leadership, Education, Personality: An Interdisciplinary Journal, ISSN: 2524-6178 https://sibe.rpress.co.in/
IMPACT OF WORK-LIFE BALANCE ON PRESERVE TALENT IN THE BANKING SECTOR: A STUDY OF HARYANA BANKS
This research examines the vital relationship between work-life balance (WLB), job satisfaction, and employee retention within Haryana’s banking sector. A descriptive research design was adopted to study 100 employees from both public and private banks using structured questionnaires and statistical analysis via ANOVA and SPSS. The findings reveal that while there is no significant difference in WLB between public and private sector banks, a healthy WLB is strongly correlated with job satisfaction and improved retention. Amidst rapid technological shifts, increasing dual-income households, and evolving industry challenges, maintaining a positive work-life balance is crucial not only for employee well-being but also for the long-term stability and talent retention of financial organizations. The study guides banking leaders towards effective WLB policies as a strategic imperative for attracting and preserving talent.
होजरी उद्योग के इतिहास और वर्तमान स्थिति का अध्ययन
होजरी उद्योग, जो कपड़ों के एक विशिष्ट वर्ग को समर्पित है, भारत की अर्थव्यवस्था में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाता है। यह उद्योग न केवल रोजगार सृजन में योगदान देता है बल्कि देश के निर्यात राजस्व में भी वृद्धि करता है। हाल के वर्षों में, वैश्वीकरण और तकनीकी परिवर्तनों के कारण होजरी उद्योग ने कई बदलावों का सामना किया है। होजरी उद्योग एक ऐसा उद्योग है जिसने सदियों से मानव जीवन को आराम और फैशन प्रदान किया है। यह उद्योग कपड़ों के उन छोटे-छोटे टुकड़ों का निर्माण करता है जो हमारे शरीर के विभिन्न हिस्सों को ढकते हैं और उन्हें गर्म रखते हैं। भारत में, विशेषकर लुधियाना शहर, होजरी उद्योग के लिए प्रसिद्ध है। होजरी उद्योग का आरंभ प्राचीन काल से माना जाता है। जब मनुष्य ने पत्तों और जानवरों की खाल से अपने शरीर को ढकना शुरू किया, तब से ही कपड़ों के निर्माण की प्रक्रिया शुरू हो गई थी। समय के साथ, बुनाई की तकनीक विकसित हुई और लोगों ने विभिन्न प्रकार के कपड़े बनाने शुरू किए। भारत में, होजरी उद्योग का विकास ब्रिटिश शासनकाल के दौरान हुआ। ब्रिटिशों ने भारत में कपड़ा उद्योग को बढ़ावा दिया और कई कपड़ा मिलें स्थापित की गईं। इन मिलों में सूती कपड़े के साथ-साथ ऊनी कपड़े भी बनाए जाते थे। स्वतंत्रता के बाद, भारत सरकार ने स्वदेशी उद्योगों को बढ़ावा देने के लिए कई नीतियां बनाईं और होजरी उद्योग भी इन नीतियों से लाभान्वित हुआ।
Copyright (c) 2024 Leadership, Education, Personality: An Interdisciplinary Journal, ISSN: 2524-6178 https://sibe.rpress.co.in/
आज हम ऐसे युग का अहम हिस्सा बन गए हैं जिसके परिवार का दायरा एकल होते हुए भी किसी न किसी माध्यम से हम स्वयं को विश्व के एक-एक कोने से जुड़ा हुआ पाते हैं। पत्रकारिता ही यह माध्यम है जो हमारे जीवन को एक नया आयाम प्रदान कर रही है। हिंदी का पत्रकारिता शब्द अंग्रेजी के जर्नलिज्म शब्द का परिचायक है। जर्नलिज्म शब्द जर्नल से व्युत्पन्न हुआ है। ‘जर्नल’ शब्द का अर्थ है- दैनिक विवरण। मूलतः यह शब्द अपनी उत्पत्ति के लिए फ्रेंच के जर्नी शब्द का आभारी है। जर्नी शब्द का अर्थ है - प्रतिदिन के कार्य का विवरण प्रस्तुत करना। अतः जर्नल शब्द के लिए मैगजीन शब्द का प्रयोग होता है। हिंदी में मैगजीन को पत्रिका कहा जाता है। एनसाइक्लोपीडिया ब्रिटानिका के अनुसार इटालियन जर्नल शब्द की उत्पत्ति लैटिन के ‘डियोना’ शब्द से है।’’1
Colonial Legacy and Self-Discovery in Nayantara Sahgal’s A Time To Be Happy: A Postcolonial Reading
Nayantara Sahgal’s A Time To Be Happy portrays the unsteady atmosphere of post-independence India, where political freedom has been achieved but the deeper impact of colonial rule continues to change society. Set in the fictional town of Sharanpur, the novel depicts a society caught between holding on to the past and adapting to change. Colonial influence can still be seen not just in economic systems and class differences but also in people’s ambitions, education, and even in how they view themselves and others. Issues like gender inequality and strong patriarchal norms further show that independence did not bring complete social change. Drawing on insights from major postcolonial theorists such as Edward Said, Homi K. Bhabha, Frantz Fanon, and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, this study argues that Sahgal presents independence not as a complete break but as an ongoing process of negotiation, where colonial legacy continues to influence institutions, attitudes, and personal identity.
Dr. Meenakshi Sharma and Dr. Neeraj Vashisth
Copyright (c) 2025 Leadership, Education, Personality: An Interdisciplinary Journal, ISSN: 2524-6178 https://sibe.rpress.co.in/
Education in India during the British Period
Education in India during the British period went through a deep and uneven transformation. Pre-colonial learning had multiple streams, including pathshalas and maktabs for basic instruction, madrasas for higher Islamic learning, and Sanskrit tols for advanced Hindu scholarship, along with apprenticeship-based training for crafts and professions. British rule reshaped these systems by introducing new administrative priorities, Western curricula, printed textbooks, and examinations, while also encouraging English as a language of power. The shift was not sudden; it unfolded through policy milestones such as the Charter Act of 1813, Macaulay’s Minute (1835), Wood’s Dispatch (1854), the establishment of universities (1857), and later commissions that tried to address access and quality. While colonial education expanded schooling and created a new class of educated Indians who would later drive social reform and nationalism, it also produced lasting problems such as limited mass literacy, social exclusion, and an exam-centered system geared toward clerical employment. This paper examines major policies, institutions, social impacts, and criticisms of colonial education, and it highlights how the British period left a complex legacy that continued to shape India’s educational priorities after independence.
“REIMAGINING LEDERSHIP AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT IN INDIAN EDUCATION: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF NEP 2020”
The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 represents a transformative framework aimed at restructuring the Indian education system to meet the demands of the 21st century. One of its central objectives is to promote holistic development by integrating leadership and personality development into the educational process. This paper critically analyzes the provisions of NEP 2020 concerning educational leadership and personality development using secondary data sources, including policy documents, government reports, and existing scholarly literature. The study explores how the policy redefines the roles of teachers, institutions, and learners in fostering cognitive, emotional, social, and ethical growth. It further examines the relationship between leadership practices and personality development outcomes within educational settings. The findings suggest that while NEP 2020 provides a comprehensive and progressive vision, challenges related to implementation, teacher preparedness, infrastructure, and institutional leadership continue to hinder its effective execution. The paper concludes with recommendations aimed at strengthening leadership capacity, enhancing teacher training, and bridging the gap between policy and practice.
सांगीतिक एवं सांस्कृतिक संरक्षण और संवर्धन में भारत सरकार की भूमिका
भारतीय संगीत एक ऐसी विशिष्ट कला है जो प्राचीन काल से ही मानव को संास्कृतिक परम्पराओं एवं पुरातन कलाओं के साथ जोड़ता आ रहा है। यद्यपि कला का आरम्भ व्यक्ति के भावों को प्रकट करने की अभिलाषा के साथ ही होता है तथा संगीत उसका सर्वोत्तम माध्यम है। इसीलिये संगीत को अन्य ललितकलाओं में सर्वश्रेष्ठ माना जाता रहा है, जो मानव समाज के लिए अमूल्य निधि है। कोई भी कला क्यों न हो समाज से अलग उसका कोई अस्तित्व नहीं होता। किसी भी जनसमाज की कला उसकी मानसिकता से निर्धारित होती है। समाज की राजनैतिक व आर्थिक परिस्थितियां सदैव एक सी नहीं रहती। वह मानव अस्तित्व के व्यापक संघर्ष और मानवीय श्रम के परिणाम स्वरूप बदलतीरहती है और निरंतर नये युगों का निर्माण करती रहती हैं। भारत वर्ष की संगीत कला भी सदैव परिवर्तनशील रही है। इसी बदलाव के कारण समाज में संगीतकला के व्यापक प्रचार-प्रसार की आवश्यकता भी सदैव बनी रही है।
हिंदी साहित्य में वर्णित भारतीय संस्कृति और मानवीय मूल्य
संस्कृति को मानव जीवन के मानसिक, नैतिक, भौतिक, आध्यात्मिक, सामाजिक, राजनीतिक, कलात्मक तथा व्यावहारिक पक्षों की समग्र अभिव्यक्ति कहा जा सकता है। मनुष्य अपने जीवन में जो कुछ सीखता है, अपनाता है और व्यवहार में लाता है, वही संस्कृति का निर्माण करता है। संस्कृति का वास्तविक क्षेत्र समाज है, क्योंकि मनुष्य समाज में रहकर ही अपने आचार-विचार, व्यवहार, परंपराएँ, मान्यताएँ और जीवन-मूल्य विकसित करता है। इस दृष्टि से समाज का संपूर्ण क्रियाविधान संस्कृति की रचना करता है। मानवीय स्तर पर इन क्रियाविधियों को संस्कार कहा जाता है। मनुष्य और प्रकृति दोनों मिलकर संस्कारों की रचना करते हैं। प्रकृति मनुष्य को जीवन का आधार प्रदान करती है, जबकि मनुष्य अपने अनुभव, चिंतन और व्यवहार के माध्यम से जीवन-पद्धति का विकास करता है। आचार, विचार और संस्कार संस्कृति के प्रमुख अंग माने जाते हैं। देह और इंद्रियों से उत्पन्न होने वाली क्रियाएँ ‘आचार’ के अंतर्गत आती हैं, जबकि मन, बुद्धि, चित्त और अहंकार आदि के द्वारा की गई चेष्टाएँ जब मानवीय चेतना में स्थायी प्रभाव उत्पन्न करती हैं, तब वे संस्कार का रूप धारण कर लेती हैं।
Copyright (c) 2020 Leadership, Education, Personality: An Interdisciplinary Journal, ISSN: 2524-6178 https://sibe.rpress.co.in/
Customer Perspectives on Cybersecurity in Cooperative Banks
Cooperative banks in semi-urban and rural areas are increasingly exposed to cyber threats as they adopt digital banking. This study analyzes 400 customer survey responses to assess cyber security preparedness in cooperative banks across Satara, Sangli, and Kolhapur districts. Descriptive statistics reveal that while a majority of customers frequently use digital services and are aware of basic security measures, significant gaps remain in perceived security and communication. For instance, only about half of customers consider internet banking secure, and 14% reported encountering phishing or fraud attempts. Inferential analysis indicates a strong link between user awareness and security outcomes: customers who rated themselves knowledgeable about cyber risks were far less likely to fall victim to fraud (χ²=12.6, p<0.001). A moderate positive correlation was found between cybersecurity knowledge and trust in the bank’s digital security (r=0.29, p<0.05). Regression analysis suggests that proactive customer education by banks is a significant
Manisha Ganpati Patil , Dr. Vishwas S. Pendse
Survey of Reproductive Strategies: Evolutionary Adaptations Across the Animal Kingdom
This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the diverse reproductive strategies found across the animal kingdom, highlighting the evolutionary adaptations that have emerged to enhance reproductive success in varying ecological contexts. Reproduction, as a fundamental biological function, exhibits remarkable variability among species, from simple asexual reproduction in invertebrates to highly specialized sexual reproduction in vertebrates. The study explores how natural selection has shaped these strategies in response to factors such as habitat stability, predation risk, resource availability, and life span. Distinctions between internal and external fertilization, oviparity and viviparity, and the spectrum of parental investment are analyzed to demonstrate the trade-offs between offspring quantity and quality. Additionally, behavioral aspects like mating rituals, sexual dimorphism, and social structures are discussed as mechanisms that influence reproductive outcomes. The paper draws attention to the r/K selection theory as a framework to understand reproductive investment and its ecological implications. Through detailed examples across taxonomic groups, this survey underscores the adaptive ingenuity of reproductive strategies in meeting the demands of survival and species continuity. The findings also have important implications for evolutionary biology, population ecology, and species conservation, especially in the face of environmental changes that challenge reproductive viability. This synthesis deepens our understanding of life’s persistence through adaptive reproductive mechanisms.
¹ Kamble Atul Kashirao, ² Dr. Borane Vijay Ramdas
SHG FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT: EVIDENCE FROM RAJASTHAN
This study examines the role of Self-Help Group (SHG)-led financial inclusion in promoting women’s economic empowerment in India, with special reference to Rajasthan. Based entirely on secondary data from National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, and International Institute for Population Sciences, the study adopts a descriptive and comparative analytical approach. The analysis focuses on institutional financial inclusion indicators such as SHG savings linkage, credit linkage, and bank-wise disbursement, alongside women’s economic participation indicators including bank account ownership, paid work, asset ownership, and decision-making participation. Findings indicate significant expansion in SHG-based institutional credit and strong growth in women’s formal financial participation. However, Rajasthan-level evidence shows that increased financial access has not fully translated into independent economic empowerment, as limitations persist in productive asset ownership, digital access, and income autonomy. The study concludes that while SHG-led financial inclusion has strengthened women’s institutional entry into formal finance, broader economic empowerment requires stronger support through livelihood generation, digital capability, and asset-building policies.
Shubhangi Gupta, Dr. Sangeeta, Jyoti Gupta
Comparative Study of Physico-Chemical Parameters and Fish Diversity: A Case Study of Ozarkhed and Gangapur Dams, Nashik
The present study investigates the comparative status of physico-chemical water quality parameters and fish diversity in two important freshwater reservoirs of Nashik district, Maharashtra, namely Ozarkhed Dam and Gangapur Dam. Freshwater ecosystems play a vital role in maintaining ecological balance, supporting aquatic biodiversity, and providing water resources for domestic, agricultural, and fishery purposes. The study was conducted to assess the seasonal variation in water quality and its influence on ichthyofaunal diversity in these reservoirs. Water samples were collected from both dams during three major seasons, namely Monsoon, Post-Monsoon, and Pre-Monsoon, and analyzed for selected physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), alkalinity, hardness, chlorides, nitrates, phosphates, sulphates, and ammonia. Simultaneously, fish diversity was assessed through field observations, local fish catch records, fishermen interactions, and taxonomic identification of fish species.
Implementation of the National Education Policy 2020 in Higher Education Institutions of Haryana: Curriculum Structure, Scheme Framework and Implementation Challenges
The National Education Policy 2020 (NEP-2020) represents a transformative reform in the Indian higher education system aimed at promoting multidisciplinary learning, academic flexibility, skill development, and research orientation. One of the most significant reforms introduced under the policy is the Curriculum and Credit Framework for Undergraduate Programmes (CCFUGP), which allows students to pursue a four-year undergraduate programme with multiple entry and exit options. The framework integrates various course categories such as Discipline Specific Courses (DSC), Minor Courses (MIC), Multidisciplinary Courses (MDC), Skill Enhancement Courses (SEC), and Value Added Courses (VAC) to promote holistic education and interdisciplinary learning. Universities and colleges in Haryana have started implementing NEP reforms through different scheme-based academic structures including Scheme A, Scheme B, and Scheme C. These schemes provide flexibility for students to pursue multidisciplinary learning, major–minor combinations, and single-major specialization. The present study reviews the implementation of NEP-2020 in higher education institutions of Haryana with particular emphasis on curriculum structure, course categories, and scheme frameworks. The study also examines challenges faced during implementation, including curriculum variations across universities, rigid credit structures, infrastructure limitations, and lack of student awareness regarding course selection. The paper concludes by suggesting policy measures such as curriculum standardization, greater flexibility in credit allocation, faculty training programmes, and effective academic counselling systems to ensure successful implementation of NEP-2020 reforms in the state.
Copyright (c) 2023 MSW Management Journal ISSN: 1053-7899 https://mswmanagementj.com/
‘The impact of financial inclusion on Women's workforce participation in India’
This research looks into ‘influence of financial inclusion on women's’ workforce participation in India. Current study works at the grassroots level, investigating the function of labor force participation in promoting sustainability and growth. It investigates whether women's labor-force involvement leads to financial inclusion, and therefore to development. It also looks into how digitalization might help promote financial liberty. This review article synthesizes expert perspectives & emphasis relevance of ‘financial inclusion in achieving’ the objective of a developed nation by 2047. The study stated that digitization, women's labor engagement, & ‘financial inclusion’ are critical in moving India to developed nation status. Digitalization promotes economic growths by increasing efficiency and transparency. Increased labor engagement, particularly between women & underprivileged areas, guarantees that benefits of economic progress were dispersed fairly, resulting in a more inclusive and sustainable development model.
Foreign Acquisitions and Strategic Realignment in Emerging Markets: An Exploratory Comparative Case Study of Flipkart and MX Player
Foreign acquisitions have rapidly and effectively transformed India's digital economy, impacting corporate strategies and trajectories beyond immediately observable ownership transformations. This study utilized a qualitative, exploratory comparative case study of two successful Indian digital firms, Flipkart (acquired by Walmart) and MX Player (acquired by Times Internet), to explore foreign ownership impacts on post-acquisition strategic orientation. A recompiling and reviewing of secondary data including industry reports, regulatory filings, news articles, and literature was used to analyze and identify three prominent trends: (1) strategic orientation towards domestic market consolidation, (2) resources diverted away from strategic initiatives either regarding statutory requirements or management task constraints, and (3) capability reduction created by talent loss and cultural integration issues. The study findings indicated that foreign acquisitions tended to limit global aspirations rather than leverage opportunities that supported them—especially in industries with high-localization costs and highly regulated environments. Implications for international business and emerging markets literature will reflect the strategies revealed in the findings specifically, hybrid structures, asset-light partnerships, and policy-enabled globalization as practical frameworks to enable acquired firms to pursue sustainable international growth and reduce exposure to integration challenges. This paper explores the causes, challenges of foreign ownership, and alternative pathways for global growth based on evidences.
LEGAL INSTRUMENTS OF HYGIENE: PUBLIC HEALTH REGULATION AND STATE POWER IN THE UNITED PROVINCES (1890–1935)
This study explores the structure of law in public health in the United Provinces (UP), in British India, during the time period of 1890 to 1935; a time when colonial sanitary government expanded with an extensive array of legislation, local ordinances, and measures to control epidemics. I used historical analytical methods based upon colonial records of law, reports from the Sanitary Commission, minutes from local government meetings, and gazetteers to trace how the colonial state used various legal tools including the Epidemic Diseases Act of 1897, local sanitation ordinances and vaccination requirements as ways to expand their administrative authority over the Indian body, dwelling place and urban space. The results show that both the law and its administration were dual-purpose: addressing real public health issues including plague, cholera, and malaria; and supporting the establishment of racial hierarchies, expanding the authority of the bureaucracy and exercising disciplinary power over Indian populations using the cover of modern hygiene. Additionally, this paper examined how Indian political actors, members of the municipal boards, and nationalist leaders in the United Provinces challenged, utilized, and reframed these sanitary laws to articulate demands for self-government and social reform. Ultimately, the research shows that the public health law in colonial UP was not simply a technical response to a disease issue but was a constitutive part of the state's power to define the limits of sovereignty, citizenship, and resistance in late colonial India.
भारत में उपभोक्ता संरक्षण की व्यवस्था : अधिकार, विधिक ढांचा एवं चुनौतियाँ
आधुनिक आर्थिक व्यवस्था में उपभोक्ता को बाजार प्रणाली का केंद्र माना जाता है। उत्पादन, वितरण तथा विनिमय की समस्त गतिविधियाँ अंततः उपभोक्ता की आवश्यकताओं की पूर्ति के लिए ही संचालित होती हैं। किंतु व्यावसायिक प्रतिस्पर्धा, अधिक लाभ प्राप्त करने की प्रवृत्ति, भ्रामक विज्ञापन, मिलावटी वस्तुओं की बिक्री तथा निम्न गुणवत्ता की सेवाओं के कारण अनेक बार उपभोक्ताओं के हितों का हनन होता है। ऐसी परिस्थितियों में उपभोक्ता संरक्षण की अवधारणा अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण हो जाती है। भारत में उपभोक्ताओं के अधिकारों की रक्षा के लिए विभिन्न विधिक व्यवस्थाएँ विकसित की गई हैं, जिनमें उपभोक्ता संरक्षण अधिनियम, 1986 एक महत्वपूर्ण मील का पत्थर है। इस अधिनियम ने उपभोक्ताओं को सरल, त्वरित तथा कम खर्च में न्याय प्राप्त करने की व्यवस्था प्रदान की है। प्रस्तुत शोध-पत्र में भारत में उपभोक्ता संरक्षण की अवधारणा, उपभोक्ता अधिकारों, उपभोक्ता संरक्षण अधिनियम 1986 की विशेषताओं, उपभोक्ता विवाद निवारण तंत्र तथा उपभोक्ता संरक्षण के समक्ष उपस्थित प्रमुख चुनौतियों का विश्लेषण किया गया है।
Copyright (c) 2012 Leadership, Education, Personality: An Interdisciplinary Journal, ISSN: 2524-6178 https://sibe.rpress.co.in/
Women’s Entrepreneurship and Digital Marketplaces in India: Opportunities, Challenges, and Pathways for Inclusive Growth
Women’s entrepreneurship has emerged as a powerful driver of inclusive economic development in India. In recent years, the rapid expansion of digital marketplaces and e-commerce platforms has opened new avenues for women to establish, scale, and sustain businesses beyond traditional physical boundaries. This paper examines the intersection of women’s entrepreneurship and digital marketplaces in India, highlighting the opportunities created by digital platforms as well as the structural challenges that women entrepreneurs continue to face. Drawing on existing literature, policy reports, and recent examples from India’s digital economy, the study analyzes how digital marketplaces contribute to women’s economic participation, financial independence, and social empowerment. The paper also reviews policy interventions, government initiatives, and private sector programs aimed at promoting women-led enterprises through digital technologies. The findings suggest that while digital platforms significantly reduce market-entry barriers and expand economic opportunities for women, persistent issues such as digital literacy gaps, financial constraints, socio-cultural barriers, and limited access to networks remain critical challenges. The study concludes with recommendations for strengthening policy frameworks, digital infrastructure, and institutional support systems to ensure sustainable growth of women entrepreneurs in India’s digital economy.
Copyright (c) 2014 Leadership, Education, Personality: An Interdisciplinary Journal, ISSN: 2524-6178 https://sibe.rpress.co.in/
HEALTH INSURANCE SERVICES: ITS BUSINESS PERFORMANCE AND DETERMINANTS OF POLICYHOLDERS’ SATISFACTION
The Government of India spends a little over 1 per cent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on health, which is inadequate to provide better health care facilities to the people. It has been resulted that Indians spend major portions of health expenditure in the country from their personal resources. With the rise in health care costs due to emergence of private hospitals, expensive health technology and pharmaceuticals, there is need for adequate planning to protect sudden hospitalization. So, health insurance becomes imperative for everyone to look and be covered under a good health insurance policy. In order to health insurance industry has come up with innovative products due to increasing demand and facilitates access of comprehensive services to the people. This empirical and analytical research aimed to measure the growth of business performance in the health insurance market and also to identify the determinants of policyholders’ satisfaction level. The analysis reveals that there exists positive growth in different sectors’ health insurance services with respect to premium collection for the reference period 2009-10 to 2018-19. In addition, this study shows that more than 6/10th of the policy holders are highly satisfied with health insurance services. The factors namely coverage of illness, premium of the scheme, timely service, availability of web-based information and accessibility of branch offices are mainly determine to policyholders’ with lower and higher satisfaction towards health insurance services.
ROLE OF CREDIT CARD IN THE DIGITAL PAYMENT SYSTEM: GROWTH ANALYSIS
The present Government is aimed at transforming the country into a digital economy. It gives special attention for digital payments. In daily lives larger transactions are happening on payments and it has been resulted that enhance the better society, business and the economy at larger part. Over the past three years, digital payment system works with new payment modes along with existing payment system in order to increasing Person to Merchant (PtoM) as well as Person to Person (PtoP) payments. Among various modes of digital payments, credit card payment is one of the retail payment systems which have improved Person to Merchant payments. The usage of credit card depends on the users’ willingness to spend on credit basis. Thus, this study measure the growth of credit card payments with respect to volume and value of credit card payment transactions. These two parameters play a vital role in order to observe the users’ position in credit card payments. The 11 Financial Years from 2009-10 to 2019-20 were considered for the study. The analysis reveals that an average of 838.31 million transactions of credit card payment with the value of INR 2676.39 Billion has been takes place for the study period. Further, the growth prospect is expected that credit card payment takes place over INR 7000 Billion with over 2200 volume of transactions in 2022-23. Further, this study has been identified that most important credit card payment infrastructure namely number of outstanding credit cards, Point of Sales (POS) machines and volume of transaction on the growth on value of credit card payments for the reference period.
Design and Simulation of Grid Connected Solar PV System Using PVsyst And Sketchup
Present work discusses about the design and simulation of a 405kwp solar PV system in Galgotias college of Engineering & Technology. The goal is to evaluate the potential of solar energy to provide sustainable and environmentally friendly electricity in the college which is integrated to grid. This system uses 580W PV module and 380kW invertor. We analyzed the system using PVsyst, solargis and SketchUp. The result showed that SOLARGIS estimated annual energy generation between 550 MWh and 555 MWh. While PVsyst provided a higher estimate of 579.4MWh. This indicates that PVsyst predicts more energy output then the other tools.
Kanhaiya Kumar1* , Shreswi Gupta2 , Mukesh Kumar3 , Ankit Patel4 , Kumar Saurabh5
Burnout in Elite Athletes: Psychological Causes and Prevention Strategies
Burnout in elite athletes is a multidimensional psychological syndrome characterized by emotional and physical exhaustion, reduced sense of accomplishment, and sport devaluation. Increasing performance expectations, intense training loads, competitive pressure, and psychosocial stressors have intensified the prevalence of burnout in high-performance sports. Recent psychological research highlights the central role of stress, maladaptive coping strategies, low resilience, motivational climate, and lack of social support as key contributors to burnout development. Empirical evidence suggests that life stress, emotional dysregulation, perfectionism, and chronic workload imbalance significantly elevate burnout risk. Conversely, resilience, problem-focused coping, mindfulness, emotional regulation, and psychosocial resources act as protective factors. Prevention strategies emphasize psychological skills training, stress management interventions, resilience development, supportive coaching environments, and systematic workload monitoring. This study synthesizes current theoretical and empirical perspectives on the psychological causes and prevention strategies of burnout in elite athletes. The analysis highlights the necessity of adopting a holistic, athlete-centered approach that integrates mental health support with training management to enhance well-being, performance sustainability, and career longevity. Understanding burnout through psychological frameworks can facilitate the design of evidence-based interventions, promoting healthier and more adaptive sporting environments.
Analysis of integrated transportation system of Gurugram: A case of Bus and Metro transits
Rapid urbanization in Gurugram, India, has led to traffic congestion, poor service, and increased pollution in the city's transportation system. Commuters increasingly rely on private and intermediate forms of transportation due to the need for more public transit. Visum, a macrosimulation program, was used to construct a four-stage sequential public transport model in Gurugram. The model was developed with the use of 1124 survey results. After the travel demand model was made, it was used to estimate the number of trips people and groups took in the baseline year using public and private modes of transportation. The results were verified using empirical evidence. To promote environmentally friendly transportation, the Gurugram metro was integrated with feeder modes and park-and-ride lots. The advantages of this were examined at the network level. After implementing multi-modal integration, metro rail usage increased. The long-term goal of this work is to get people out of their vehicles and onto public transit.
“Vastu Shastra Core Concepts: Brahma Vithi, Deva Vithi, and Manushya Vithi Explained”
Vastu Shastra is the ancient Indian science of architecture that harmonises built spaces with natural forces, cosmic rhythms, and human life. Rooted in the Vedas and developed through classical texts such as Mayamata, Manasara, and Brihat Samhita, Vastu Shastra provides a systematic framework for planning buildings that support health, prosperity, stability, and psychological well-being. In modern architecture, where sustainability, human-centric design, and energy efficiency are gaining increasing importance, Vastu Shastra offers timeless principles that align natural elements, spatial order, and human function in a holistic manner.
Copyright (c) 2017 Leadership, Education, Personality: An Interdisciplinary Journal, ISSN: 2524-6178 https://sibe.rpress.co.in/